中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
A股30年再出发 我们需要一个怎样的资本市场?****** 期待中国资本市场“从新出发、从严治理”,在新的征途呈现出更理性、更健康、更成熟的风貌。 1990年12月19日,上海证券交易所鸣锣开业,首批“老八股”上市,也标志着中国资本市场的诞生。如今,A股市场已风雨兼程走过整整30年的历程。 相对于境外成熟市场数百年的历史,刚满30周岁的A股市场还很年轻。但所取得的成绩有目共睹。比如多层次资本市场架构已趋成型。从此前只有沪深主板,到现在的中小板、创业板、科创板、新三板,以及目前已颇具规模的区域性股权交易市场等,层次分明,也为不同行业、不同规模、不同类型、不同需求的企业提供差异化的服务奠定了基础。科创板的设立,启动注册制试点等,则在资本市场发展中具有“里程碑”式的意义。 市场规模的不断扩张,让A股市场在全球的影响力日益提升。算上深交所开业后的五只股票,A股市场最初挂牌的上市公司只有13家。数量虽少,但意义非凡。没有这13家上市公司打头阵,沪深股市就不可能有目前超过4100家的规模,以及近80万亿的总市值。随着A股市场规模的不断扩张,其在全球市场的影响力才不断提升。 从支持实体经济发展角度看,A股也功不可没。根据Wind资讯数据,截至12月18日,30年来,A股IPO首发融资规模达3.65万亿元,再融资规模达11.97万亿元,合计15.62万亿元。相对于发行债券、银行借贷融资,直接融资对于实体经济的发展更加高效。 不仅如此,30年来,资本市场也成就了一大批明星上市公司。像万科、格力、茅台等企业不断发展壮大,离不开资本市场的支持;众多民营企业、惠及国计民生的企业做大做优做强,资本市场在其中发挥了巨大的作用。而且,由于拥有资本市场这一退出通道,高科技企业、创新创业型企业等也能获得风投、私募股权基金的支持,反过来又能促进这类企业的发展。 然而,而立之年再出发,我们需要一个怎样的资本市场?站在历史的新起点,我们需要认真审视当下的不足,通过不断改革与完善,将资本市场推上更高的台阶。 首先,我们要认识到当前沪深两市的上市公司质量整体上不高的问题。虽然沪深股市挂牌公司已超过4100家,但上市公司质量却不尽如人意。某些上市公司长期不分红、不回报股东,没有任何的投资价值,也与监管部门倡导的积极分红政策相悖。 其次,公司治理水平普遍不高也是一大硬伤。上市公司实控人、大股东、董监高等职责界限与法律责任不明确,董事会、监事会、股东大会“三会”运作不规范,独董不独,内控机制形同虚设,信息披露存在短板等,都是上市公司治理结构不完善与紊乱的具体表现,更是其治理水平不高的表现。 此外,投资者保护不到位同样不可被忽视。投资者保护是一个老生常谈的话题,也是资本市场一“老大难”问题。其集中表现为违规成本低,以及维权难。新证券法虽然大幅提高了违规成本,且推出中国版的证券集体诉讼制度,但投资者利益保护工作仍然存在漏洞。比如刑法、公司法还没有同步修订到位。缺乏刑法的联动修法,对于违规行为的打击,将呈现出跛脚的一面。 期待中国资本市场“从新出发、从严治理”,在新的征途呈现出更理性、更健康、更成熟的风貌。 □曹中铭(财经评论人) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |